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The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, but its impact on your body is anything but small.
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From regulating metabolism and energy levels to supporting heart rate, mood, and even menstrual cycles, the thyroid plays a vital role in overall health. When this gland isn’t functioning properly, it can lead to a range of symptoms, including fatigue, weight gain, sensitivity to cold, and hair thinning.
While medication is often necessary to treat thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, certain foods can support thyroid health and may complement your medical treatment.
But which ones are most effective — and are there any you should be cautious with? Indianexpress.com spoke to an expert to understand more.
Four foods that naturally support thyroid function
Dr Shaily Sharma, consultant gynaecologist at Cloudnine Hospital, Faridabad, says, “Several foods are known to support healthy thyroid function due to their rich nutritional profiles.” These, according to her, are:
Seaweed: Seaweed, such as nori, kelp, and wakame, is a natural and potent source of iodine. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, and insufficient iodine intake can lead to hypothyroidism or goiter. However, excessive iodine should be avoided, especially in individuals already diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction.
Brazil nuts: These are another powerful food for thyroid support as they are rich in selenium. Selenium is a trace mineral that plays a key role in the activation of thyroid hormones and also helps protect the thyroid gland from oxidative stress and inflammation. Even just one or two Brazil nuts per day can meet the body’s selenium needs.
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Eggs: Eggs are an excellent addition to the thyroid-friendly diet. They contain iodine and selenium, along with other essential nutrients like high-quality protein, which supports overall metabolism. Including whole eggs (not just egg whites) in the diet can help supply critical building blocks for hormone regulation.
Yoghurt and other dairy products: They are often fortified with iodine and are also a good source of vitamin D. Low levels of vitamin D have been associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Including dairy in moderation can help provide a balanced source of nutrients critical for thyroid function.
Seaweed, such as nori, kelp, and wakame, is a natural and potent source of iodine. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones (Source: Freepik)
Commonly eaten foods that can interfere with thyroid function
Certain foods can interfere with thyroid function, particularly in individuals with pre-existing thyroid imbalances. “Cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale contain substances called goitrogens, which can disrupt the thyroid’s ability to absorb iodine. While these vegetables are rich in nutrients and generally healthy, people with iodine deficiency or hypothyroidism should consume them cooked and in moderate amounts to reduce their goitrogenic effects,” stresses Dr Sharma.
She notes that soy and soy-based products, such as tofu and soy milk, can interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medication. It is advisable for individuals taking thyroid medications to avoid consuming soy within a few hours of their dose.
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Gluten may also be problematic, particularly for individuals with autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. “Gluten sensitivity or celiac disease may exacerbate inflammation and autoimmune response, and in such cases, a gluten-free diet might be beneficial under medical supervision,” recommends the doctor.
DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.
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